C++ is a general-purpose programming language created by Bjarne Stroustrup  in 1979 as an extension of the C programming language. This language was standardized in 1988. The standards were again issued in 2003, 2007 and 2011. C++ is used by many programmers of different types coming from different fields. It is mostly used for writing Device Driver Programs, System Software, and Applications that depend on direct hardware manipulation under real-time constraints.

It is also used to teach the basics of features because it is simple and used in the field of research. Also, many primary user interfaces and system files of Windows and Macintosh are written in C++. So this language is a popular strong and frequently used programming language. This language has expanded significantly overtime and modern C++ has object-oriented, generic and functional features in addition to facilities for low-level memory manipulation. C++ was designed with a biased toward system programming and embedded, resource-constrained software and large systems, with performance, efficiency, and flexibility of the use as its design.

C++ has been found useful in many contexts, with key strength being software infrastructure and resource-constrained applications including desktop applications, servers, and performance-critical applications. C++ programming is  considered as one of the safest language because of its security and features. It is the first language for any developer to start, Who is interested in working in programming. 

USE OF C++ PROGRAMMING:

C++ is widely used in embedded systems software engineering. It's also popular in communications and gaming. It is used in many other industries like Health care, Finance, and even defense. Facebook has posted ads that site C++ among the desired skills. It is widely used among the programmers or developers mainly in the application domain. It contains important parts including the core language providing all the required building blocks including variable, data types, literals, etc.

It supports object-oriented programming including its features like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation, and Abstraction. These make C++ language different and mostly in use for developing the applications easily and conceptualized. 
 
APPLICATIONS OF C++ PROGRAMMING:

Following are the various applications of C++ programming:

• In C++ Abstract data type defining is very good.
• This language is efficient having less compiled time.
• It is much suitable for large projects.
• In this programming language Encapsulation, Polymorphism and Abstraction are important properties of this language.
• Objects, methods, instance, message passing, and inheritance are some important properties inherited by this language.
• This programming language is implemented in a real-life scenario.
• C++ programming is easy to maintain and modify existing code as a new object with a small difference to existing ones.

IMPORTANT FEATURES OF C++ LANGUAGE:

• Simple: Every C++ program can be written in simple English language. So that it is very easy to understand and developed by the programmer.
• Platform dependent: A language is said to be platform dependent whenever the program is executed in the same operating systems where that was developed and compiled but not run and execute on other operating systems. C++ is a platform-dependent language.
• Portability: It is the concept of carrying the instruction from one system to another system. In C++ language .cpp file contain source code, we can also edit this code in .exe file. When we write and compile any C++ program on window operating system that easily runs on other window based system.
• Powerful: This language is a very powerful programming language. It has a widely verify of data types, functions, control statements, decision-making statements, etc.
• Object-oriented Programming language: The main advantage of C++ is, that it is object-oriented programming language. It follows concepts of oops like polymorphism, inheritance, encapsulation, and abstraction.
• Case sensitive: It is case sensitive programming language. In this programming language 'break and BREAK' both are different.
• Compiler-based: It is compiler-based programming language that means without  compilation no C++ program can be executed without a compiler. That means first we need a compiler to compile our program and then execute.
• Syntax-based language: It is a strongly tight syntax based programming language. If any language follows rules and regulation very strictly known as strong tight based syntax-based language.
• Efficient use of pointers: Pointers is a variable which holds the address of another variable, pointer directly access to variable due to this performance of the application is improved. In C++ also concept of pointers is available.

• DIFFERENCE BETWEEN C AND C++:

• C programming was developed by Dennis Ritchie between 1969 and 1973 at AT&T Bell Labs. While C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979 with C++'s predecessor "C with Classes".
• C supports procedural programming paradigm for code development. while C++ supports both procedural and object-oriented programming paradigm of code development.
• C does not support object-oriented programming; therefore it has no support for polymorphism, inheritance, and encapsulation. While C++ being an object-oriented programming C++ supports polymorphism, inheritance, and encapsulation.
• In C programming data and functions are separate and free entities. While in C++ data and functions are encapsulated together in the form of an object.
• C programming does not provide direct support for error handling. while in C++ it has support for error handling.
• C programming provides malloc() and calloc() function for dynamic memory allocation and free() for memory de-allocation.. where C++ provide a new operator for memory allocation and delete operator for memory de-allocation. 
• C uses functions for input/output. for example printf and scanf. whereas C++ uses the object for input/output. For example cin and cout.
• C does not support function and operator overloading. While C++ supports both functions as well as operator overloading.

    
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